<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article_metadata generated_at="2026-05-25T21:29:07+00:00">
  <journal>
    <title>International Journal of Business and Economic Development</title>
    <acronym>IJBED</acronym>
    <issn_print>2051-848X</issn_print>
    <issn_online>2051-8498</issn_online>
    <doi_prefix>https://doi.org/10.24052/IJBED/</doi_prefix>
  </journal>
  <article>
    <id>30</id>
    <title>Improving decision making by using hazard analysis model for the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</title>
    <abstract>The aim of this paper is improve Jeddah Municipality effectiveness and efficiency through using risk index based methodology in decision making in order to develop strategies, policies, and plans to deal with city issues and problems. Risks were prioritized according to their significance in terms of likelihood, consequences, and effects in light of the municipality’s stakeholders. It is found that real estate market control by expatriate, increasing in traffic accidents, the presence of factories and workshops in the residential areas, and abandoned buildings, as well as proliferation of street vendors were the most hazards that of importance to city’s stakeholders</abstract>
    <doi></doi>
    <url>https://ijbed.org/details&amp;cid=30</url>
    <pdf_url>https://ijbed.org/cdn/article_file/i-3_c-30.pdf</pdf_url>
    <volume>Volume 01</volume>
    <issue>Issue 3</issue>
    <issue_id>3</issue_id>
    <issue_published_month>2013-11-01</issue_published_month>
    <published_date>2014-03-03</published_date>
    <online_first_status>no</online_first_status>
    <online_first_date></online_first_date>
    <history>
      <received></received>
      <revised></revised>
      <accepted></accepted>
    </history>
    <keywords>
      <keyword>Hazard Analysis Model</keyword>
      <keyword>Jeddah Municipality</keyword>
      <keyword>Risk Index</keyword>
    </keywords>
    <declarations>
      <funding></funding>
      <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
      <data_availability></data_availability>
      <author_contributions></author_contributions>
    </declarations>
    <publication_notice>
      <type>none</type>
      <text></text>
    </publication_notice>
    <metrics>
      <views>5390</views>
      <downloads>2</downloads>
      <citations>0</citations>
    </metrics>
    <authors>
      <author>
        <name>Naill M. Momani</name>
        <organization>Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdu Aziz University</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
      <author>
        <name>Ayman S. Fadil</name>
        <organization>Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdu Aziz University</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
    </authors>
    <supplementary_materials/>
  </article>
</article_metadata>
